| Many VoIP users have adopted an open source | | | | networks is often a choke point because the sending |
| solution such as Asterisk or SIPX to meet their | | | | network chooses the least cost path (which is often |
| international long distance calling needs. While these | | | | also the lowest quality path). This also means it is |
| open source software packages are cost effective | | | | always a good idea to use a low bitrate codec. |
| and very good at meeting the feature requirements of | | | | 3. Among the low bitrate codecs available, G.729 has |
| most users, they suffer from one major drawback: the | | | | the highest MOS (mean opinion score) at 3.9. MOS is a |
| inability to use the G.729 low bit rate codec. | | | | subjective rating given to voice codecs and runs a |
| Codec stands for Coder-Decoder. G.729 is a data | | | | scale from 1 to 5, with 1 being the worst and 5 being |
| compression algorithm (ie. codec) for voice that | | | | the best. A score of 4 and above is considered to be |
| significantly reduces the bandwidth requirements for a | | | | "toll quality" speech. |
| IP voice signal - from the standard payload size of | | | | 4. Although there are other low bit rate codecs |
| 64kbit/s down to 8 kbit/s. There are various versions | | | | available for free (including G.723, GSM and iLBC) they |
| of G.729 (sometimes called G.729a, G.729b or | | | | are not widely supported or implemented by the |
| G.729ab) that further reduce the voice payload size to | | | | carriers and service providers that must ultimately |
| 6.4 kbit/s or less. Although G.729 is an ITU standard, it | | | | connect your international call to the PSTN in the |
| is owned and licensed by a consortium of companies | | | | destination country. G.729 is the most widely used low |
| including Nokia, NTT, NEC, and France Telecom | | | | bitrate codec and is universally supported by the major |
| (among others). Using the codec requires a license | | | | VoIP equipment manufacturers. For example, the |
| from Sipro or VoiceAge, companies that represent the | | | | following text comes from one VoIP wholesale |
| owners (in the U.S.). The typical cost to license G.729 is | | | | provider's support page: |
| US$10 per channel annually. | | | | Our carrier selection has been optimized for use with |
| Because of the licensing costs associated with the | | | | the g.729 codec. If you set this as your first priority |
| G.729 intellectual property, it is impractical if not | | | | codec, you will maximize your chances for completing |
| impossible for open source VoIP projects to support | | | | calls. That said, we use many underlying carriers for |
| this codec. This presents a problem for those using | | | | termination, and each carrier has different capabilities. |
| open source VoIP software to make international calls | | | | Many support g.711, but not all. The same goes for |
| for the following 4 reasons: | | | | g.723.1 and iLBC. As a result, if you set any of these |
| 1. Although bandwidth may be cheap and plentiful in | | | | codecs as your preferred codec, a call may or may |
| most developed nations, it is not so readily available in | | | | not complete using it, depending on which of our |
| many parts of the world. This means that international | | | | underlying carriers receives the call. Our softswitch will |
| VoIP calls made to these destinations may not have | | | | allow your endpoint and the carriers to negotiate the |
| the 64kbit/s required by standard codecs. This means | | | | mutually preferred codec. |
| it is always a good idea to use a low bitrate codec. | | | | For these reasons, it is the opinion of this author that |
| 2. Even where bandwidth is available, the media | | | | the costs associated with implementing the G.729 |
| packets sent for international calls must traverse many | | | | codec are warranted in certain cases - namely when |
| different networks in going from point A to point B. | | | | using VoIP to make international long distance calls to a |
| The places where networks handoff traffic to other | | | | VoIP wholesale provider. |