Service Warranty - Next step to Service Packaging

Introductionexpectations for new customers and for newly
This paper is written to analyze the current Serviceestablished service organizations that are trying to build
Delivery and Service packaging, then finding thea particular image. The physical surroundings offer an
relevance of warranty in Service. Service in moreorganization the opportunity to convey an image in a
intangible in nature and consumed immediately as itway not unlike the way an individual chooses to "dress
performed unlike product, which is tangible and usedfor success". The packaging role extends to the
over a period. Today warranty is granted for anyappearance of contact personnel through their
Consumer durables, white goods, and technologicaluniforms or dress and other elements of their outward
product. This warranty provides more assurance ofappearance.
reliability of the product to the consumers; Many timesInterestingly, the same care and resource expenditures
consumers are ready to pay even extra amount togiven to package design in product marketing are
buy extended warranty. This paper analyzes thegenerally not provides for services, even though the
matching of warranty model with Services. Analysis isservice package serves a variety of important roles.
done in following topics -These are many exceptions to this generality,
Brief on Service Deliveryhowever smart companies like Starbucks, FedEx,
Importance of Service PackagingSouthwest Airlines and Marriott spend a lot of time
Warranty designand money relating their service design to their brand,
Conclusionproviding their customers with strong visual metaphors
Service Deliveryand "service packaging" that conveys the brand
Unlike products service is mostly intangible, wherepositioning.
tangibility can be introduced using the products. As it isSouthwest Airlines tried to break the image of a "flying
intangible consumption happens simultaneously with theevent" as serious event to a casual event. Their crew
creation of service. Products are used over the period,members appear in very informal dress with friendly
so warranty gives the assurance towards the usageappearance to give a "at Home" feel to the customers
and consumption where firms make sure thatand this positioning fits with their low cost "no frills"
products can be consumed smoothly at least astrategy.
minimum period. This concept is getting applied inBut so far the Service Packaging is done through
services too using the Service Quality criteria. Becausephysical surroundings, but still there is lot of empty
firms become responsible for the delivery ultimatelyroom to develop the packaging using the employees
and consumers hold responsible the immediateattitude, people presence, like the some extent done
delivering firm, firms need to measure the parametersby the Medical, Legal, Educational and Entertainment
for Service Quality, like Tangibility, Reliability,services, as they are more specific people oriented.
Responsiveness, Assurance and Empathy. TheseWarranty Design
parameters can be measured by the involvement ofWarranty is mostly offered on the product parts, to
products in service and the people behavior in deliverycover the technical faults. It is applied on the materials
of service, where last three parameters aremainly not on the service. In case of the product, any
completely dependent on the people. Thepart defect may cease the product functionality and
management group can decide the productthis can be pinned down easily. In case of service,
involvements and that can be guaranteed, but thesince people are more oriented, its difficult to pin down
people behavior is not consistent. So the goodthe defect cause. Also since the people are involved,
companies spend a lot in training on their front-endthe behavioral aspect, group dynamics play the key
service people.role in the service delivery.
So the reference becomes very important in serviceAlso the customers have an expectation on the
delivery, consumers want to check with somebodyproduct life, they want to use the product for a
before consumption. They want to check the Serviceminimum period, so the defect rectification can meet
Quality personally from somebody, so "word-of-mouth"that expectation. Also this depends on the product
has lot of importance in Services. So the organizationscategory, the following table shows sample consumer
want assure on the Service Quality, so many timesproducts category, expectations and warranty support
they try to take the consumers feedback, engage in-
tele-marketing, where agents can talk to theProduct Category Expectation Warranty availability
consumers personally. But many often these doesn'tFMCG Basic need NO
reflect the consumer perceptions. Most of the timesConsumer Durables Electro-mechanical functionality
consumers are in a hurry to give feedback or listen toYes
tele-marketing agent. But consumers do the researchWhite Goods Electro-mechanical functionality Yes
before buying any product or service; if there is noPharmaceuticals Recovery NO
need then there is a buyer too, when they want toTextiles Basic need NO
buy, they start the research, like if somebody has toCosmetics Fashion NO
travel then only he looks for the air-ticket; nobodyHousehold items Basic need Partial
looks at the deals without the need.Automobiles Mechanical functionality Yes
Reference provides the Assurance and Empathy, soComputing and Communication devices Electronic
the Customer is actually looking for Assurance andfunctionality Yes
Empathy. Most of the time Organizations rely upon theFrom this table it's evident the warranty is offered on
front-end employees for the Assurance and Empathy,the electrical/electronic or mechanical items, in which
although in final delivery its upto the employees, howcase a defect part may cease the operation
they perform, but Organizations need to enhance thecompletely.
Customers' perception in increase the Sales. TheyWarranty also depends on the price of product;
need to look for other ways to enhance thiswarranty is no supported low priced product. Warranty
perception, most of the time Organization tries tois in the augmentation layer of the product, for cheaper
enhance the perception by increasing the tangibility, butproduct it's not affordable. So for the same reason for
after certain point tangibility helps very marginally, thethe low priced services, warranty can't be supported
last three factors have more importance. Reliabilityfor the low priced services.
factor is also closely associated with tangibility andConclusion
Brand Image. Today the consumers are more cautiousService Providers, especially in Financial Services,
about the last three factors which dependent on theTelecom Services, Travel Services or Hotel Service,
Employees' behavior.have to start thinking about warranty, as competition
Service Packagingwill be cut throat. Today if your telecom call fails or get
Similar to a tangible product's package, the service alsoany problem in bank account because of mistake at
wrapped within physical evidences to convey anService Provider's side. Warranty in products evolved
external image of what is "inside" to consumers.more through competition. If the car gets problem
Product packages are designed to portray a particularbecause of some manufacturing defect, the
image as well as to evoke a particular sensory ormanufacturer has to take care of that, similarly if the
emotional reaction. The physical setting of a servicenetwork has some problem, the Telecom Service
does the same thing through interaction of manyprovider has to pay a penalty to customer.
complex stimuli. This is very much critical in formingHow that warranty will be provided, that Service
initial impressions or setting up customer expectations -providers have to decide and figure out, but this is
it is visual metaphor for the intangible service. Thegoing to happen, as the economies depend on
packaging role is particularly important in creatingServices than Manufacturing or Agriculture.