VoIP and Fax - An Introduction

Traditional fax machines have always posed a bit of aChanges in the fax industry
problem for VoIP networks. This is because VoIPBut changes in the fax industry itself are threatening to
technology encodes analog sound in a specific mannerdo away with legacy fax systems. Unlike voice, fax
for transmission. Fax on the other hand requiresdoesn't require real time infrastructure and so functions
another method of encoding which doesn't workmore like email. Many people fax printed documents
seamlessly with existing VoIP equipment. There arewhich are then converted to analog signals for
many ways of getting over this limitation and we taketransmission. Instead, it's much easier to send the
a look at some of them as well as fundamentaldocument itself as an email.
changes in the fax industry.There are situations however, when signed documents
Connecting Regular Fax machines to VoIPfor example need to be sent and it's here that regular
A new standard has been developed for encoding faxfax machines provide a service. The cheap and easy
signals called T.38. Devices which implement thisway of scanning a document and sending it makes it
protocol allow a fax to be sent over the VoIP networkvery hard to replace.
without any problem. Now either a fax machine itselfAnother way in which the Internet has transformed
can be Internet aware - also called IAF or "Internetfax is by the use of Fax servers. These accept a fax
Aware Fax" - or a device can be attached thatmessage from a regular fax machine over good old
converts the analog signals from a regular faxPSTN. However, instead of sending it to another
machine into the format required by T.38. But even thismachine, the server makes provisions for the receiver
isn't enough by itself. To handle the fax signals properly,to get it by email instead. This ensures that no one else
even the VoIP gateway has to be T.38 enabled. Oncecan read the fax and saves the receiver the trouble
this happens, the signal can be properly handed overof digitizing it once again if necessary.
to the Internet.It'll take a few more years for the Internet fax industry
With these modifications, it might be as simple as justto stabilize. But even now, organizations are able to do
plugging a fax machine into a VoIP adapter instead ofaway with a lot of wastage and outdated
a phone jack to get fax seamlessly working.infrastructure by making use of fax with VoIP.